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数字经济时代,数据资源在企业发展中的作用日益凸显,企业数据资源资产化的会计处理和信息披露问题亟待研究。本文基于数字经济下企业数据资源价值创造特征,提出可将符合条件的企业数据资产分类为内部自用型数据资产、可供交易型数据资产和战略价值型数据资产,并建议对前两类数据资产以条件确认法确认入表,对第三类战略价值型数据资产采用数据资产表来加强信息披露。进一步,本文建议应加强对数据资产特征、价值贡献路径和数据资产潜在风险等信息的披露,且在数据资产会计准则制定过程中重视构建数据资产合规认证、估值和审计等配套措施和保障机制。本文关于数据资产会计准则构建思路的研究一方面有助于更好理解企业数据资产的价值创造机制,丰富了数据资产相关文献,另一方面对于国际会计准则理事会修订无形资产准则项目具有一定参考价值。
Abstract:Corporate data resources play an increasingly critical role in the development of enterprises in the era of digital economy. More research on the accounting treatment and disclosure of data resources is urgently needed. Based on the value-creation mechanisms of corporate data resources,we propose to classify the qualified corporate data assets into the internal-used data assets,tradable data assets,and strategic value-related data assets.We suggest recognizing the first two types of data assets in the financial statements using a conditional recognition method,in which a mixed measurement model is adopted. We propose to disclose the strategic value-related data assets separately in the statement of data. Moreover,reporting entities are encouraged to disclose more information about the characteristics,value-creation path,and associated risks of data assets. Furthermore,it is important to build a supporting system that facilitates relevant services,such as asset certification,asset valuation,and audits,for data assets during the process of standardizing the accounting treatment of corporate data assets. Our study not only contributes to the literature on data assets by improving the understanding of value-creation mechanisms of corporate data resources,but also provides the IASB with helpful insights on the revision of accounting standards on intangible assets.
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(1)数据生产要素统计与核算是深圳市作为中国特色社会主义先行示范区的重点试点项目,2021年开始在深圳市南山区试点,2022年开始在深圳市全市进行试点。
(1)《深圳经济特区数据条例》相关条款与该理念相契合,《条例》的第四章“数据要素市场”中第五十八条规定“市场主体对合法处理数据形成的数据产品和服务,可以依法自主使用,取得收益,进行处分”。
(2)《深圳经济特区数据条例》和《上海市数据条例》均提出经过合法处理形成的数据产品和服务可以依法进行交易,赋予了相关主体对数据产品和服务的交易权益,也为会计层面论证企业主体控制数据产品和服务的经济资源提供了法规依据。
基本信息:
中图分类号:F275;F270.7
引用信息:
[1]吴德林,邬瑜骏,李晶晶,等.数据资产会计准则问题前瞻性研究:基于数字经济下数据价值创造特征视角[J].当代会计评论,2023,16(02):14-34.
基金信息:
深圳市哲学社会科学规划项目“企业数据要素资产化促进深圳数字经济健康发展的机制与路径研究”(SZ2022B015); 国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CJY052); 中国会计学会重点科研课题(2021KJA04); 深圳市科创委稳定支持计划项目(GXWD20201230155427003-20200824140353001)的资助; 财政部“国际化高端会计人才培养工程”项目、深圳市人文社会科学重点研究基地成果
2023-12-31
2023-12-31

